Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are preventive measures designed to protect against certain strains of the human papillomavirus, which is a group of related viruses that can infect the genital area, as well as the mouth and throat. HPV infections are very common, and while most cases clear on their own, some can lead to various cancers and diseases. HPV vaccines have been developed to reduce the risk of HPV-related cancers and diseases. Here are key aspects of HPV vaccines
HPV vaccines primarily target certain high-risk HPV strains associated with cervical, anal, and other cancers. These vaccines can also protect against low-risk HPV strains that cause genital warts.
HPV vaccines are typically recommended for both males and females in adolescence, ideally before becoming sexually active. The routine vaccination age in many countries is around 11 or 12 years old. However, vaccination is still recommended for individuals who missed the initial doses.
HPV vaccines are particularly effective in preventing cervical cancer, but they also offer protection against other cancers, including anal, vaginal, vulvar, and oropharyngeal cancers.
Catch-up vaccination is recommended for individuals who did not receive the HPV vaccine at the recommended age. It is available for females up to age 26 and males up to age 21.